Back in the day, our car engines had what were called "road draft tubes". They were mostly candy-cane shaped metallic tubes that stuck into a grommet someplace at the top of the engine and arced away and down for the dual purpose of venting the crankcase gases to the outside world and prohibiting pressure buildup inside the crankcase that could possibly cause oil seepage past the seals. The crankcase affluence was channeled directly at the road via a sleight vacuum, or "draft", caused by air passing over the open end of the tube (Bernoulli's principle) positioned under the car... thus the name "Road Draft Tube".
In a fit of ecological insanity there came a time when venting crankcase gases to the outside world fell on disfavor so they applied the crankcase ventilation equivalent of sweeping the dirt under the rug and the PCV valve for the automobile was born.
The efficacy of a PCV valve is a subject of considerable debate but it did affect at least one notable accomplishment... it masked minor blow-by issues.